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5 suy ra n+1chia hết n-5
suy ra (n+1)-(n-5)chia hết n-5
tương đương n+1-n+5 chia hết n-5
tương đương 6 chia hết n-5
suy ra n-5 thuộc vào Ư6=1,2,3,6,-1,-2,-3,-6
suy ra n thuộc vào =6,7,8,11,4,3,2,-1
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a) 2x + 1 = 3
2x = 2
x = 1
b) ( 2x - 5 ) + 17 = 6
( 2x - 5 ) = 6 - 17
( 2x - 5 ) = -11
2x = -11 + 5
2x = -6
x = -3
c) 10 - 2 x ( 4 - 3x ) = -4
2 x ( 4 - 3x ) = 14
4 - 3x = 7
3x = -3
x = -1
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\(1.\frac{4x+1}{3x-2}=-\frac{5}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(4x+1\right)\times4=\left(-5\right)\times\left(3x-2\right)\)
\(16x+4=\left(-15x\right)+10\)
\(16x+15x=10-4\)
\(31x=6\)
\(x=\frac{6}{31}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{\frac{6}{31}\right\}\)
\(2.\frac{x+5}{-7}=\frac{2x+3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+5\right)\times4=\left(2x+3\right)\times\left(-7\right)\)
\(4x+20=\left(-14x\right)+\left(-21\right)\)
\(4x+14x=\left(-21\right)-20\)
\(18x=-41\)
\(x=-\frac{41}{18}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-\frac{41}{18}\right\}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Tìm số nguyên x, biết:
1) -16 + 23 + x = - 16
7+x=-16
x=-16-7
x=-23
2) 2x – 35 = 15
2x=15+35
2x=50
x=50:2
x=25
3) 3x + 17 = 12
3x=12-17
3x=-5
x=-5/3
4) (2x – 5) + 17 = 6
2x-5=6-17
2x-5=-11
2x=-11+5
2x=-6
x=-6:2
x=-3
5) 10 – 2(4 – 3x) = -4
2(4-3x)=10-(-4)
2(4-3x)=14
4-3x=14:2
4-3x=7
3x=4-7
3x=-3
x=-3:3
x=-1
6) - 12 + 3(-x + 7) = -18
3(-x+7)=-18-(-12)
3(x+7)=-6
x+7=-6:3
x+7=-2
x=-2-7
x=-9
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(\dfrac{2x+5}{2x+1}=\dfrac{2x+1+4}{2x+1}=\dfrac{2x+1}{2x+1}+\dfrac{4}{2x+1}=1+\dfrac{4}{2x+1}\)
Để \(\dfrac{2x+5}{2x+1}\in Z\) thì \(\dfrac{4}{2x+1}\in Z\)
\(\Rightarrow4\) ⋮ \(2x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow2x+1\inƯ\left(4\right)=\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow2x\in\left\{0;-2;1;-3;3;-5\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;-1;\dfrac{1}{2};-\dfrac{3}{2};\dfrac{3}{2};-\dfrac{5}{2}\right\}\)
Mà x nguyên \(\Rightarrow\text{x}\in\left\{0;-1\right\}\)
b) \(\dfrac{3x+5}{x+1}=\dfrac{3x+3+2}{x+1}=\dfrac{3\left(x+1\right)+2}{x+1}=\dfrac{3\left(x+1\right)}{x+1}+\dfrac{2}{x+1}=3+\dfrac{2}{x+1}\)
Để \(\dfrac{3x+5}{x+1}\in Z\) thì \(\dfrac{2}{x+1}\in Z\)
\(\Rightarrow2\) ⋮ \(x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow x+1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{1;-1;2;-2\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;-2;1;-3\right\}\)
c) \(\dfrac{3x+8}{x-1}=\dfrac{3x-3+11}{x-1}=\dfrac{3\left(x-1\right)+11}{x-1}=\dfrac{3\left(x-1\right)}{x-1}+\dfrac{11}{x-1}=3+\dfrac{11}{x-1}\)
Để: \(\dfrac{3x+8}{x-1}\in Z\) thì \(\dfrac{11}{x-1}\in Z\)
\(\Rightarrow11\) ⋮ \(x-1\)
\(\Rightarrow x-1\inƯ\left(11\right)=\left\{1;-1;11;-11\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{2;0;12;-10\right\}\)
d) \(\dfrac{5x+12}{x-2}=\dfrac{5x-10+22}{x-2}=\dfrac{5\left(x-2\right)+22}{x-2}=\dfrac{5\left(x-2\right)}{x-2}+\dfrac{22}{x-2}=5+\dfrac{22}{x-2}\)
Để: \(\dfrac{5x+12}{x-2}\in Z\) thì \(\dfrac{22}{x-2}\in Z\)
\(\Rightarrow22\) ⋮ \(x-2\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2\inƯ\left(22\right)=\left\{1;-1;2;-2;11;-11;22;-22\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{3;1;4;0;13;-9;24;-20\right\}\)
e) \(\dfrac{7x-12}{x+16}=\dfrac{7x+112-124}{x+16}=\dfrac{7\left(x+16\right)-124}{x+16}=\dfrac{7\left(x+16\right)}{x+16}-\dfrac{124}{x+16}=7-\dfrac{124}{x+16}\)
Để \(\dfrac{7x-12}{x+16}\in Z\) thì \(\dfrac{124}{x+16}\in Z\)
\(\Rightarrow124\) ⋮ \(x+16\)
\(\Rightarrow x+16\inƯ\left(124\right)=\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4;31;-31;62;-62;124;-124\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-15;-17;-14;-18;-12;-20;15;-47;46;-78;108;-140\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1\in\left\{1;-1;7;-7\right\}\)
hay \(x\in\left\{1;0;4;-3\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(6x-10\right)⋮\left(2x-1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[3\left(2x-1\right)-7\right]⋮\left(2x-1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow2x-1\inƯ\left(-7\right)=\left\{-7;-1;1;7\right\}\\ \Leftrightarrow2x\in\left\{-6;0;2;8\right\}\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{-3;0;1;4\right\}\)