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1. The path which leads=>leading to the pagoda is very narrow.
2. A competitor is someone who takes=>taking part in a competition.
3. The school which was founded=>founded 20 years ago is still there.
4. The captain was the last person who left=>to leave the sinking ship.
5. Brazil is the first team which has won=>to win the world cup three times.
6. Jim, who was shocked=>shocking at what he saw, couldn’t say a word.
7. The girl who is singing=>singing on the stage is my classmate.
8. You should choose the clothes that suit=>suited your personality.
9. I like films that have=>having happy ending.
10. Jane had a few letters that she had to type=>to type.
Rewrite the sentences,changing the relative clauses into clauses with a pressent participle,a past participle or a To-infinitive.
1. The path which leads to the pagoda is very narrow.
The path leading to the pagoda is very narrow.
2. A competitor is someone who takes part in a competition.
A competitor is someone to take part in a competition.
3. The school which was founded 20 years ago is still there.
the school founded 20 years ago is still there.
4. The captain was the last person who left the sinking ship.
The captain was the last person to leave the sinking ship.
5. Brazil is the first team which has won the world cup three times.
Brazil is the first team winning the world cup three times.
6. Jim, who was shocked at what he saw, couldn’t say a word.
Jim shocked at what he saw, couldn’t say a word.
7. The girl who is singing on the stage is my classmate.
the girl singing on the stage is my classmate.
8. You should choose the clothes that suit your personality.
You should choose the clothes to suit your personality.
9. I like films that have happy ending.
I like films having happy ending.
10. Jane had a few letters that she had to type.
Jane had a few letters to type.
III. Put who/ whom/ which/ that/ where…. in the blank
1. The parents thanked the woman _who___had saved their son
2. The factory __which___closed last week had been there for many years
3. Two men, neither of _whom____I had been before, came into my office.
4. I like the ice-cream _which___they sell in that shop
5. He ate the food __which___ no one else wanted
6. John has got a new mobile phone __which__ takes photos
7. The village ___where__ I ran out of petrol didn’t have a petrol station
8. The job for __which___she has applied is in London
9. John sold his computer, __which___he no longer need, to his cousin
10. Teddy has two cars, one of __which__ is very expensive.
III. Choose the best option:
1.He is the man(who/ that/which/where) painted my house.
2.What is the name of the boy(who/that/which/where) phoned you
3. What’s happened to the money( who/that/which/where) was on my desk?
4. She is the person( who/that/which/where) gives me a lift to work.
5. I’ve found the magazine(who/that/ which/where) was missing.
6. This is a letter( who/that/which/where) came in today’s post.
7. Mr Woods ( who/that /which/where)lives next door to us has gone holiday.
8. Who is the girl(who/that/which/where) you were speaking to just now?
9. I’ve lost all the money( who/that /which/where) you give me.
10. My sister (who/that/which/where) wasn’t feeling very hungry didn’t want to go to restaurant.
11. Dr Sales is a person ( in whom I /whom I/in that I / I) don’t have much confidence .
12. The new shopping mall is advertised as a place(which// iwheren where/in that) you can find anything.
13. I have always wanted to visit Paris,………………………..capital of France.
a. is the b. that is the c. which the d. the
14. Some fish is frozen, but………………………is the best
a. fish is fresh b. fish fresh c. fresh fish d. fresh fish is caught
III. Choose the best option:
1.He is the man(who/ that/which/where) painted my house.
2.What is the name of the boy(who/that/which/where) phoned you
3. What’s happened to the money( who/that/which/where) was on my desk?
4. She is the person( who/that/which/where) gives me a lift to work.
5. I’ve found the magazine(who/that/ which/where) was missing.
6. This is a letter( who/that/which/where) came in today’s post.
7. Mr Woods ( who/that /which/where)lives next door to us has gone holiday.
8. Who is the girl(who/that/which/where) you were speaking to just now?
9. I’ve lost all the money( who/that /which/where) you give me.
10. My sister (who/that/which/where) wasn’t feeling very hungry didn’t want to go to restaurant.
11. Dr Sales is a person ( in whom I /whom I/in that I / I) don’t have much confidence .
12. The new shopping mall is advertised as a place(which/where/ in where/in that) you can find anything.
13. I have always wanted to visit Paris,………………………..capital of France.
a. is the b. that is the c. which the d. the
14. Some fish is frozen, but………………………is the best
a. fish is fresh b. fish fresh c. fresh fish d. fresh fish is caught
Complete the second sentence so that it has the similar meaning to the first sentence, using the words given. Do not change the words given:
1. They thought that his speech was one of the best.
- .(to be) his speech was thought to be one of the best.
2. She said to them, "Thank you for your help." -
(thanked) she thanked them for their help
3. Tim said to Martin, "You ought to see a doctor."- ..............................(advised)
Tim advised Martin to see a doctor
4. Vietnam is a country which exports rubber . - ..............................(exporting)
Vietnam is a rubber-exporting country
5. He had a test which lasted two hours yesterday. - ............................(two-hour)
He had a two-hour test yesterday
6. The children said that they were waiting for the school bus. - ........................(are)
"we are waiting for the school bus" The children said
7. This room hasn't been used for ages. - ...........................(Nobody)
nobody has used this room for ages
8. Greetings cards should be sent a week before every celebration. - ...................(send)
people should send Greetings cards a week before every celebration.
9. The doctors asked the patient if he felt better there - ................................(Do you)
"do you feel better here?" The doctors asked the patient
10. That gentleman gave me a note which was worth fifty dollars. - ..........................(fifty-dollar)
That gentleman gave me a fifty-dollar note
VI: Fill in each gap with one suitable word to complete the following passage.
About twenty percent of the world’s present energy already (1)____comes____ from the sun in one form or another. Special devices have already been made to (2)___put__ on the roofs of houses and flats to (3)___catch___ the sun’s ray and thus heat water. Thousands (4)___of_____ these devices are now being used to provide (5)____energy____ in houses throughout the United States while more (6)__than____ a million solar water-heating units (7)___have ___already been built in houses in Japan. Other purposes for which solar energy is at present being used include the removal of salt (8)__from ___ seawater and sewage disposal. For most people (9)__ in____ developing countries, the need is not for air- conditioners or central heating but for cheap ways of (10)__cooking___ food, drying crops and lighting houses.
VIII: Complete :1. Although his father took a taxi, he still arrived late for the meeting.
®Despite…the fact that his father took a taxi, he still arrived late for the meeting. ………………………….…...................................................................... …..
2. It is ages since she last visited her parents.
®She … hasn't visited her parents for ages ………………………………………..
3. Handicapped people find shopping in supermarkets difficult.
®It is……difficult for handicapped people to find shopping in supermarkets ……………............................................................................................................. .
4. It isn’t necessary to book tickets for the show in advance.
®You needn't book tickets for the show in advance …………….................................................................................... ……………..
5. We got lost because we didn’t have a map.
®Had……we had map, we wouldn't have got lost …………......................................................................................... .……………..
6. The cake was so hard that I could not eat it.
®It was…… such a hard cake that i couldn't eat it ………… ……………..
7. We couldn’t drive because of the fog.
®The fog prevented…us from driving.……...................................................................................... ………..
8. They are going to tune my piano tomorrow.
®I am…going to have my piano tuned tomorow …………............................................................................................................... …..
9. Nobody has watered the flowers in the garden for many weeks.
®The flowers.......... in the garden haven't been watered for many weeks ...................................................................................................................
10. Every day my younger brother spends two hours learning English.
® Every day it takes..........my younger brother two hours to learn E.................
T36B: I/Choose the most suitable word to complete sentence.
1. My friend, Jack,(that, who, whose) parents live in Glasgow, invited me to spend Christmas in Scotland.
2. Here’s the computer program (that, whom, whose) I told you about.
3. I don’t believe the story (that, who, whom) she told us.
4. Peter comes from Witney, (that, who, which) is near Oxford.
5. This is the gun with (that, whom, which) the murder was committed.
6. Is this the person ( who, which, whose) you asked me about.
7. Have you received the parcel (whom, whose, which) we sent you?
8. That’s the girl (that, who, whose) brother sits next to me.
9. The meal,(that, which, whose) wasn’t very tasty, was expensive.
10. We didn’t enjoy the play ( that, who, whose) we went to see.
11. She gives her children everything (that, what, who) they want.
12. Tell me (what, that, which) you want and I’ll give it to you.
13.The reason (why, that, what) I phoned him was to invite him to party.
14. I don’t like people (who, whom, whose) never stops talking.
15. The day (which, that, when) they arrived was Sunday.
16. Ann,(whose, who, whom) children are at school all day is trying to get a job.
1/ We'd like to buy a house_______ overlooks West lake.(A. who B. whose C. where D. which)
2/ The woman _______ daughter Jack loves is very kind.(A. whose B. who C. whom D. which)
3/ The letter ___she received this morning is from the USA.(A. who B. whose C. whom D. which)
4/ I don't know the girl _______ is wearing a long blue dress.(A. whom B. whose C. which D. who)
5/ The police are asking the man _______ car has been stolen.(A. whom B. whose C. which D. that)
6/ Spring is the time ____ many kinds of flowers blossom.(A. who B. where C. which D. when)
7/ English is the subject ___ she is good at.(A. what B. which C. where D. who)
8/ He went to the sport club _____ he first met his wife.(A. which B. who C. where D. whose)
9/ He will never forget the day __ his mother died.(A. which B. who C. where D. when)
10/ The man ___my sister loves is very intelligent.(A. which B. whom C. whose D. when)
I/ Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word given
1. You'd better drive. I'm too inexperienced for such complicated traffic. (experience)
2. I wish you a very happy retirement (retire)
3. Telling lies is immoral (moral)
4. Now that she got a job, Lena is independent of her parents (depend)
5. Please fasten your seat belt. The plane is taking off. (fast)
6. Your money will be refunded if the goods are not to your satisfaction (satisfy)
7. UNO stands for United Nations Organization (national)
8. The water in this area is impure and should not be drunk (pure)
9. This situation is getting increasingly difficult for us (increase)
II/ Fill each gap in the following sentences with a suitable preposition or adverb particle
1. I talked .......to.......her......on......the phone yesterday.
2. We complained .......to........the boss.....about...............the bad working conditions.
3. The storm swept ..........through...the village .....during.......the night.
4. When his aunt passed......aw.ay......., he came .......into.......a lot of money.
5. Is it all right if I pay ....by............cheque or ....in..............cash?
III/ fill each blank in the following passage with one suitable word.
When Bill was 8 years old, in 1908, he used to work for an old lady who lived in his village. Every day, before and after school, he ....had.......... to chop wood, light fires, and go shopping for her. He was paid 5p ....a........week which was ...not...........very much even then. This old lady kept.....so..........many cats that she did not know exactly .......how....... many ...One......day, one of these cats was found dead in the garden and the lady, ..who.........was very upset, asked Bill to dig a grave and bury it. Bill did this and ...was.......given lop. He couldn't ..help.......... noticing that he ...earned...... as much for burying the cat .........as....for a whole week's work ....This........made him think. He had many friends ..whose........ fathers, the local farmers, often had to shoot cats to protect their chickens. He offered his friends 2p for every dead cat they ..gave........... him. He would ..then........... place the cat in the old lady's garden where she would find it, think it ...was.........one of her own and .....offered.......... Bill 10p for burying it. ..By...........the time he left school, Bill ...had............saved quite a lot of money. Later in life, he became a very ....rich.........businessman.
IV/ Finish the second in such a way that it means the same as the sentence before it
1. I'm sorry that I didn't go to the party last Sunday.
-> I regretted not going to the party the previous Sunday
2. He said: "You stole my record, Bill"
->He accused Bill of stealing his record
3. Do you know who wrote this novel?
-> Do you know by whom was this novel written?
V/ Use the words and phrases given below to write complete sentences
1. I/ no intention/ come/ terrible place/ again.
->I have no intention of coming to that terrible place again
2. Age/ 30/ Mr Smith/ write/ 2 best selling books.
->By the age of 30, Mr Smith had written 2 best selling books
3. Two girls/ have nothing/ common.
-> The 2 girls have nothing in common
4. We / stay / sun/ such/ long time/ became sunburned.
->We stayed in the sun for a long time that we became sunburned
5. My boss / get / well/ all/ employees
->My boss gets on well with all the employees
1 V
2 X
3 V
4 V
5 V
6 V
7 X
8 X
9 X
10 X