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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3(mol)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al}=0,2(mol)\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu}=10-5,4=4,6(g)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{10}.100\%=54\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Cu}=100\%-54\%=46\%\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3(mol)\Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{20\%}=147(g)\)
a, Al + H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + H2
Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2
b, Gọi số mol của Al là x ( mol ) -> mAl = 27x (g)
Gọi số mol của Fe là y (mol) -> mFe = 56y (g)
=> 27x + 56y = 10 ( I )
nH2 = 6,72/ 22,4 = 0,3 mol
2 Al + 3H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2 (1)
2 : 3 : 1 : 3
x : 1,5x : 0,5x : 1,5x
Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2 (2)
1 : 1 : 1 : 1
y : y : y : y
Từ (1) và (2) => 1,5x + y = 0,3 ( II )
Giải I và II => x = 34/285; y=23/190
mAl = 27. 34/285 = 3,22 g
mFe = 10 - 3,22 = 6,78g
c, nH2SO4 = 1,5x + y = 0,3
mH2SO4 = 0,3.98 = 29,4 g
mddH2SO4 = (29,4/20): 100 = 147 g
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ag}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow27x+108y=4,2\left(1\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,1 0,05 0,15
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1\cdot27=2,7g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Ag}=4,2-2,7=1,5g\)
a)\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{4,2}\cdot100\%=64,28\%\)
\(\%m_{Ag}=100\%-64,28\%=35,72\%\)
b)\(m_{muối}=0,05\cdot342=17,1g\)
\(a)Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ b)Đặt:n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\\ Tacó:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+56y=12,1\\x+y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right);m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\\ c)n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{H_2SO_{\text{ 4}}}=\dfrac{0,2.98}{196}.100=10\%\)
a, Ta có: 27nAl + 56nFe = 0,83 (1)
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,56}{22,4}=0,025\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=n_{Fe}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,01.27}{0,83}.100\%\approx32,53\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx67,47\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, nH2SO4 = nH2 = 0,025 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,025.98}{20\%}=12,25\left(g\right)\)
\(A.Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ B.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05mol\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
0,05 0,05 0,05 0,05
\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,05.24}{6,4}\cdot100=18,75\%\\ \%m_{Cu}=100-18,75=81,25\%\\ C.m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,05.98}{20}\cdot100=24,5g\)
a) Pt : \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Theo Pt : \(n_{Mg}=n_{H2SO4}=n_{MgSO4}=n_{H2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
b) \(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,05.24}{6,4}.100\%=18,75\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-18,75\%=81,25\%\)
c) \(m_{H2SO4}=0,05.98=4,9\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{4.100\%}{20\%}=20\left(g\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
a. PTHH:
2Al + 3H2SO4 ---> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Cu + H2SO4 ---x--->
b. Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{Cu}=10-5,4=4,6\left(g\right)\)
c. \(\%_{m_{Al}}=\dfrac{5,4}{10}.100\%=54\%\)
\(\%_{m_{Cu}}=100\%-54\%=46\%\)
d. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,3.98=29,4\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{29,4}{m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}}.100\%=20\%\)
=> \(m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=147\left(g\right)\)