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\(M=\dfrac{3}{1+2}+\dfrac{3}{1+2+3}+...+\dfrac{3}{1+2+...+2022}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{\dfrac{2\left(2+1\right)}{2}}+\dfrac{3}{\dfrac{3\left(3+1\right)}{2}}+...+\dfrac{3}{\dfrac{2022\left(2022+1\right)}{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{6}{2\left(2+1\right)}+\dfrac{6}{3\left(3+1\right)}+...+\dfrac{6}{2022\cdot2023}\)
\(=\dfrac{6}{2\cdot3}+\dfrac{6}{3\cdot4}+...+\dfrac{6}{2022\cdot2023}\)
\(=6\left(\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2022\cdot2023}\right)\)
\(=6\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2022}-\dfrac{1}{2023}\right)\)
\(=6\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2023}\right)=6\cdot\dfrac{2021}{4046}=\dfrac{12126}{4046}< 3\)
mà \(3< \dfrac{10}{3}\)
nên \(M< \dfrac{10}{3}\)
\(1+2+...+n=\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{n-1}{1}+1\right).\left(n+1\right)}{2}=\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\)
\(M=\dfrac{3}{1+2}+\dfrac{3}{1+2+3}+...+\dfrac{3}{1+2+...+2022}\)
\(=3\left(\dfrac{1}{1+2}+\dfrac{1}{1+2+3}+...+\dfrac{1}{1+2+...+2022}\right)\)
\(=3\left(\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{2.\left(2+1\right)}{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{3.\left(3+1\right)}{2}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{2022.\left(2022+1\right)}{2}}\right)\)
\(=3\left(\dfrac{2}{2.3}+\dfrac{2}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{2}{2022.2023}\right)\)
\(=3.2.\left(\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2022.2023}\right)\)
\(=6.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2022}-\dfrac{1}{2023}\right)\)
\(=6.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2023}\right)\)
\(=6.\dfrac{2021}{4046}=3.\dfrac{2021}{2023}=\dfrac{6063}{2023}=\dfrac{18189}{6069}\)
\(\dfrac{10}{3}=\dfrac{20230}{6069}>\dfrac{18189}{6069}=M\)
Lời giải:
$A=1-3+3^2-3^3+...+3^{2022}-\frac{3^{2023}}{4}$
$3A=3-3^2+3^3-3^4+...+3^{2023}-\frac{3^{2024}}{4}$
$\Rightarrow A+3A=1+3^{2023}-\frac{3^{2023}}{4}-\frac{3^{2024}}{4}$
$\Rightarrow 4A=1$
$\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{4}$
A = \(\dfrac{\dfrac{2022}{1}+\dfrac{2021}{2}+\dfrac{2020}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2022}}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2023}}\)
Xét TS = \(\dfrac{2022}{1}\) + \(\dfrac{2021}{2}\) \(\dfrac{2020}{3}\) +... + \(\dfrac{1}{2022}\)
TS = (1 + \(\dfrac{2021}{2}\)) + (1 + \(\dfrac{2020}{3}\)) + ... + ( 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{2022}\)) + 1
TS = \(\dfrac{2023}{2}\) + \(\dfrac{2023}{3}\) +...+ \(\dfrac{2023}{2022}\) + \(\dfrac{2023}{2023}\)
TS = 2023.(\(\dfrac{1}{2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) +...+ \(\dfrac{1}{2023}\))
A = \(\dfrac{2023.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2023}\right)}{\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2023}\right)}\)
A = 2023
Lời giải:
$A=\frac{1}{4}(1-3+3^2-3^3+...+3^{2022}-3^{2023})$
$3A=\frac{1}{4}(3-3^2+3^3-3^4+....+3^{2023}-3^{2024})$
$3A+A=\frac{1}{4}(3-3^2+3^3-3^4+....+3^{2023}-3^{2024}+1-3+3^2-3^3+...+3^{2022}-3^{2023})$
$4A=\frac{1}{4}(1-3^{2024})$
$A=\frac{1}{16}(1-3^{2024})$
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{10^{2023}}{10^{2024}}=\dfrac{10^{2022}}{10^{2023}}\)
mà \(\dfrac{10^{2023}}{10^{2024}}>\dfrac{10^{2023}-3}{10^{2024}-3}\)
\(\dfrac{10^{2022}}{10^{2023}}< \dfrac{10^{2022}+1}{10^{2023}+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{10^{2023}-3}{10^{2024}-3}< \dfrac{10^{2022}+1}{10^{2023}+1}\)
