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\(B=\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{31}+\frac{1}{43}+...+\frac{1}{211}< \frac{1}{20}+\frac{1}{30}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{210}\)
\(=\frac{1}{4.5}+\frac{1}{5.6}+\frac{1}{6.7}+...+\frac{1}{14.15}\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{6}-\frac{1}{7}+...+\frac{1}{14}-\frac{1}{15}\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{15}\)
\(=\frac{15}{60}-\frac{4}{60}\)
\(=\frac{11}{60}< \frac{60}{60}=1\)
Vậy \(B< 1\)
Bài 1:
\(2^{49}=\left(2^7\right)^7=128^7;5^{21}=\left(5^3\right)^7=125^7\\ Vì:128^7>125^7\Rightarrow2^{49}>5^{21}\)
Bài 2:
\(a,S=1+3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{99}\\ =\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+3^4.\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^{96}.\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\\ =40+3^4.40+...+3^{96}.40\\ =40.\left(1+3^4+...+3^{96}\right)⋮40\\ b,S=1+4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{62}\\ =\left(1+4+4^2\right)+4^3.\left(1+4+4^2\right)+...+4^{60}.\left(1+4+4^2\right)\\ =21+4^3.21+...+4^{60}.21\\ =21.\left(1+4^3+...+4^{60}\right)⋮21\)
Bài 1 :
\(2^{49}=\left(2^7\right)^7=128^7\)
\(5^{21}=\left(5^3\right)^7=125^7\)
mà \(125^7< 128^7\)
\(\Rightarrow2^{49}>5^{21}\)
Bài 2 :
a) \(S=1+3+3^2+3^3+...3^{99}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+3^4\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)...+3^{96}\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=40+40.3^4+...+40.3^{96}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=40\left(1+3^4+...+3^{96}\right)⋮40\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
b) \(S=1+4+4^2+4^3+...4^{62}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\left(1+4+4^2\right)+4^3\left(1+4+4^2\right)+...4^{60}\left(1+4+4^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=21+4^3.21+...4^{60}.21\)
\(\Rightarrow S=21\left(1+4^3+...4^{60}\right)⋮21\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
\(\dfrac{1}{1.4}+\dfrac{1}{4.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.8}+\dfrac{1}{8.4}+\dfrac{1}{4.16}+\dfrac{1}{16.8}\)
= \(\dfrac{1}{4}.\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{16}+\dfrac{1}{32}\right)\)
= \(\dfrac{1}{4}.\left(\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{3}{8}+\dfrac{3}{32}\right)\)
= \(\dfrac{1}{4}.\dfrac{3}{2}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{16}\right)\)
= \(\dfrac{1}{4}.\dfrac{3}{2}\left(\dfrac{16}{16}+\dfrac{4}{16}+\dfrac{1}{16}\right)\)
= \(\dfrac{3}{8}.\dfrac{21}{16}\)
= \(\dfrac{63}{128}\)
\(B=3^1+3^2+3^3+...+3^{300}\\=(3^1+3^2)+(3^3+3^4)+(3^5+3^6)+...+(3^{299}+3^{300})\\=3\cdot(1+3)+3^3\cdot(1+3)+3^5\cdot(1+3)+...+3^{299}\cdot(1+3)\\=3\cdot4+3^3\cdot4+3^5\cdot4+...+3^{299}\cdot4\\=4\cdot(3+3^3+3^5+...+3^{299})\)
Vì \(4\cdot(3+3^3+3^5+...+3^{299})\vdots2\)
nên \(B\vdots2\)
B=(3+32)+(33+34)+...+(3299+3300)
B=3(1+3)+33(1+3)+...+3299(1+3)
B=3.4+33.4+...+3299.4
B=4(3+33+...+3299) chia hết cho 2 vì 4 chia hết cho 2
vậy B chia hết cho 2
\(\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{31}+\frac{1}{43}+...+\frac{1}{211}< \frac{1}{20}+\frac{1}{30}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{210}=A\)
Mà \(A=\frac{1}{4.5}+\frac{1}{5.6}+\frac{1}{6.7}+...+\frac{1}{14.15}\)
\(A=\frac{5-4}{4.5}+\frac{6-5}{5.6}+\frac{7-6}{6.7}+...+\frac{15-14}{14.15}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{6}-\frac{1}{7}+...+\frac{1}{14}-\frac{1}{15}=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{15}=\frac{3}{20}\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{5}=\frac{4}{20}>A=\frac{3}{20}\)
=> Biểu thức đề bài cho là đúng