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PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
___0,3____0,6_____0,3____0,3 (mol)
a, \(m_{Zn}=0,3.65=19,5\left(g\right)\)
b, \(m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
c, \(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,3.136=40,8\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,479}{24,79}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
_____0,1_____0,2______0,1___0,1 (mol)
a, mMg = 0,1.24 = 2,4 (g)
b, mHCl = 0,2.36,5 = 7,3 (g)
c, Cách 1: mMgCl2 = 0,1.95 = 9,5 (g)
Cách 2: Theo ĐLBT KL, có: mMg + mHCl = mMgCl2 + mH2
⇒ mMgCl2 = 2,4 + 7,3 - 0,1.2 = 9,5 (g)
Nếu có thể thì lần sau bạn nên đăng tách từng bài ra nhé!
Bài 1:
PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{36,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\) , ta được Mg dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{Mg\left(pư\right)}=n_{MgCl_2}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Mg\left(dư\right)}=0,1-0,05=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg\left(dư\right)}=0,05.24=1,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{MgCl_2}=0,05.95=4,75\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
Bài 2:
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{14,7}{98}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}>\dfrac{0,15}{3}\) , ta được Al dư.
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Al\left(dư\right)}=0,2-0,1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al\left(dư\right)}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05.342=17,1\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
Bài 3:
PT: \(2M+6HCl\rightarrow2MCl_3+3H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,704}{22,4}=0,21\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_M=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,14\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M_M=\dfrac{3,78}{0,14}=27\left(g/mol\right)\)
Vậy: M là nhôm (Al).
Bài 4:
PT: \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KMnO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
Ta có: \(n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{4}>\dfrac{0,2}{5}\) , ta được P dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{2}{5}n_{O_2}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=0,08.142=11,36\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2
0,2 0,2
2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
0,2 0,2
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\m_{H_2O}=0,2.18.\left(100\%-5\%\right)=3,42\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2mol\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,2
\(V_{H_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48l\)
\(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
0,2 0,2
\(m_{H_2O}=0,2\cdot18\cdot\left(100-5\right)\%=3,42g\)
nMg = 3,6 : 24 = 0,15 (mol)
pthh : Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
0,15-----------> 0,15 --->0,15 (mol)
mMgCl2 = 0,15 . 95 = 14,25 (mol)
VH2 (đkc)= 0,15. 24,79 = 3,718(l)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15mol\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,15 0,3 0,15 0,15
\(m_{MgCl_2}=0,15\cdot95=14,25g\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36l\)
Câu 1
\(a)Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ b)n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{9,5}{95}=0,1mol\\ n_{H_2}=n_{MgCl_3}=0,1mol\\ m_{H_2}=0,1\cdot2=0,2g\)
Câu 2
\(a)3Fe+2O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^0}Fe_3O_4\\ b)CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O\)
Câu 1:
a, \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
b, Theo ĐLBT KL, có: mMg + mHCl = mMgCl2 + mH2
⇒ mH2 = 2,4 + 7,3 - 9,5 = 0,2 (g)
Câu 2:
a, \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
b, \(CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O\)
a)
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{Fe} = 0,15.56 = 8,4(gam)$
b) $n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,3(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{HCl} = 0,3.36,5 = 10,95(gam)$
c)
Cách 1 : $n_{FeCl_2} = n_{H_2} = 0,15(mol) \Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2} = 0,15.127 = 19,05(gam)$
Cách 2 : Bảo toàn khối lượng, $m_{FeCl_2} = 8,4 + 10,95 - 0,15.2 = 19,05(gam)$
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,437}{24,79}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
a, \(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,3.24=7,2\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
c, Cách 1: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=0,3.95=28,5\left(g\right)\)
Cách 2: Theo ĐLBT KL, có: mMg + mHCl = mMgCl2 + mH
⇒ mMgCl2 = 7,2 + 21,9 - 0,3.2 = 28,5 (g)