Corals are living organisms that provide a natural ecosystem in the ocean called a coral reef. Fish hide in the coral reefs and consume plants that are harmful to the coral. Coral reefs can be affecte...

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effect of global warming. Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer...

#Tiếng anh lớp 11

1

DT

Đỗ Thanh Hải

CTVVIP

14 tháng 6 2021

1 B

2 A

3 B

4 A

5 D

22 B

23 D

Đúng(1)

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

8 tháng 9 2019

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effect of global warming. Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures. With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Plants will also attempt to shift their ranges, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm. In many places, however, human development will prevent these shifts. Species that find cities or farmland blocking their way north or south may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in polar and mountaintop regions, are especially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible. For instance, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere farther to go. Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. The rate of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals. Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, many not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear. Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming. Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to “bleach”, a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral. Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world. Also, increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of ocean waters. This acidification further stresses ocean ecosystems.

From “global warming” by Michael Mastrandrea and Stephen H.Schneider

The bleaching of coral reefs as mentioned in paragraph 4 indicates ________.

A. the slow death of coral reefs

B. the blooming phase of sea weeds

C. the quick growth of marine mammals

D. the water absorption of coral reefs

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

8 tháng 9 2019

Đáp án A

Khi nhắc đến “bleaching” đoạn văn miêu tả: “a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral” (dòng 2 đoạn 4). Do đó đáp án đúng nhất là “slow death”.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50. Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effects of global warming. Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

18 tháng 2 2018

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effects of global warming. Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures.

With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Plants will also attempt to shift their ranges, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm. In many places, however, human development will prevent these shifts. Species that find cities or farmland blocking their way north or south may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in polar and mountaintop regions, are especially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible. For example, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere farther north to go.

Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. The rate of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals. Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, may not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear.

Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming. Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to “bleach”, a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral. Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world. Also, increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of ocean waters. This acidification further stresses ocean ecosystems.

The bleaching of coral reefs as mentioned in paragraph 4 indicates ______.

A. the water absorption of coral reefs

B. the quick growth of marine mammals

C. the blooming phase of sea weeds

D. the slow death of coral reefs

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

18 tháng 2 2018

Đáp án D

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Việc tẩy trắng các rạn san hô như được đề cập trong đoạn 4 chỉ ra ______.

A. sự hấp thụ nước của các rạn san hô

B. sự phát triển nhanh chóng của động vật có vú biển

C. giai đoạn nở hoa của cỏ dại

D. sự chết chậm của các rạn san hô

Thông tin: Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to “bleach”, a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral.

Tạm dịch: Các nhà khoa học ước tính rằng thậm chí 1 độ C của sự nóng lên thêm có thể dẫn đến tẩy trắng và tử vong trên các rạn san hô trên khắp thế giới.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50. Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effect of global warming. Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

30 tháng 10 2019

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effect of global warming. Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures.

With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Plants will also attempt to shift their rangers, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm. In many places, however, human development will prevent these shifts. Species that find cities of farmland blocking their way north or south may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in polar and mountaintop regions, are especially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible. For instance, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere father to go.

Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. The rate of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals. Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, many not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear.

Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming. Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to "bleach", a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral. Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world. Also, increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of ocean waters. This acidification further stresses ocean ecosystems.

The bleaching of coral reefs as mentioned in paragraph 4 indicates ________.

A. the water absorption of coral reefs

B. the quick growth of marine mammals

C. the blooming phase of sea weeds

D. the slow death of coral reefs

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

30 tháng 10 2019

Đáp án D

"Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to "bleach", a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral."

Dịch: Nhiệt độ đại dương nóng lên có thể làm cho san hô bị tẩy trắng, một tình trạng mà nếu bị kéo dài sẽ dẫn tới cái chết của san hô

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.Coral reefs(A) are limestone formations(B) composed of tiny sea organisms(C) and the remains.(D) A. Coral reefs B. limestone formations C. tiny sea organisms D. the...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

28 tháng 2 2018

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

28 tháng 2 2018

Chọn D

“the remains” -> “their remains”. Nếu dùng là the remains thì trong câu không rõ nghĩa, “their remains” là chỉ “tiny sea organisms’ remains”

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.Scientists have uncovered a new threat to the world's endangered coral reefs. They have found that most are incapable of growing quickly enough to compensate for rising sea levels triggered by global warming. The study suggests that reefs - which are already suffering serious degradation because the world's seas are warming and becoming more...

DM

Dương Minh

2 tháng 11 2019

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

Scientists have uncovered a new threat to the world's endangered coral reefs. They have found that most are incapable of growing quickly enough to compensate for rising sea levels triggered by global warming. The study suggests that reefs - which are already suffering serious degradation because the world's seas are warming and becoming more acidic - could also become overwhelmed by rising oceans.

The research - led by scientists at Exeter University and published in Nature this week -involved studying growth rates for more than 200 tropical western Atlantic and Indian Ocean reefs. It was found only 9% of these reefs had the ability to keep up with even the most optimistic rates of sea-level rises forecast by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. "For many reefs across the Caribbean and Indian Ocean regions, where the study focused, rates of growth are slowing due to coral reef degradation," said Professor Chris Perry, of Exeter University. “Meanwhile, rates of sea-level rise are increasing - and our results suggest reefs will be unable to keep up. As a result, water depths above most reefs will increase rapidly through this century.”

Sea levels rose by several inches over the past century and measurements indicate the speed of this increase is now rising significantly. Two key factors are involved: climate change is making ocean water warmer and so it expands. And as ice sheets and glaciers melt, they increase amounts of water in the oceans.

At the same time, reefs are being weakened by ocean warming and also by ocean acidification, triggered as the seas absorb more and more carbon dioxide. These effects lead to bleaching events that kill off vast stretches of coral and limits their ability to grow.

“Our predictions, even under the best case scenarios, suggest that by 2100, the inundation of reefs will expose coastal communities to significant threats of shoreline change,” said co-author Prof Peter Mumby of Queensland University. This point was backed by US marine scientist Ilsa Ruffner writing in a separate comment piece for Nature. “The implications of the study are dire. Many island nations and territories are set to quickly lose crucial natural resources.”

The author implies in the last paragraph that _______.

A. even in the most optimistic prediction, coral reefs will experience their extinction.

B. the results of the study are more serious than what scientists have predicted.

C. human activities will not only affect marine life but also put themselves at risk.

D. people often exploit natural resources in island nations and territories.

1

NH

Nguyen Hoang Hai

2 tháng 11 2019

Đáp án C

Tác giả hàm ý trong đoạn cuối rằng ________.

A. Ngay cả trong dự đoán lạc quan nhất, các rạn san hô vẫn sẽ bị tuyệt chủng.

B. Kết quả của cuộc nghiên cứu thì nghiêm trọng hơn những gì các nhà khoa học đã dự đoán.

C. Các hoạt động của con người không chỉ ảnh hưởng đến thế giới dưới biển mà còn đặt chính họ vào nguy hiểm.

D. Con người thường khai thác tài nguyên thiên nhiên ở các quốc đảo và vùng lãnh thổ.

Căn cứ thông tin đoạn cuối:

“Our predictions, even under the best case scenarios, suggest that by 2100, the inundation of reefs will expose coastal communities to signiﬁcant threats of shoreline change,” said co-author Prof Peter Mumby of Queensland University. This point was backed by US marine scientist Ilsa Kuffner writing in a separate comment piece for Nature. “The implications of the study are dire. Many island nations and

territories are set to quickly lose crucial natural resources.”

(“Dự đoán của chúng tôi, ngay cả trong các kịch bản tốt nhất, cho thấy rằng vào năm 2100, sự ngập lụt các rạn san hô sẽ đặt các cộng động ven biển vào các mối đe dọa đáng kể về sự thay đổi bờ biển”, giáo sư Peter Mumby thuộc trường Đại học Queensland cho biết. Điểm này được ủng hộ bởi nhà khoa học biển người Mỹ Ilse Hefner viết trong một phần bình luận riêng cho tờ Nature.” Hàm ý của nghiên cứu rất nghiêm trọng. Nhiều quốc đảo và vùng lãnh thổ được thiết lập đã nhanh chóng làm mất đi các nguồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên quan trọng".)

Như vậy, tác giả đã hàm ý rằng, các hoạt động của con người như thành lập các quốc đảo và vùng lãnh thổ đã làm mất đi các nguồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên quan trọng và việc các rạn san hô bị ảnh hưởng của biến đổi khí hậu và nóng lên toàn cầu sẽ khiến các vùng duyên hải chịu nhiều mối đe doạ.

Bài dịch

Các nhà khoa học đã phát hiện một mối đe dọa mới đối với các rạn san hô đang có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng của thế giới. Họ đã phát hiện ra rằng hầu hết san hô không có khả năng phát triển đủ nhanh để bù đắp cho mực nước biển dâng cao do sự nóng lên toàn cầu. Nghiên cứu cho thấy rằng các rạn san hộ - đã bị suy thoái nghiêm trọng bởi vì biển trên thế giới đang ấm lên và trở nên chua hơn - cũng có thể bị tràn ngập bởi những đại dương đang dâng nước lên.

Nghiên cứu - được dẫn dắt bởi các nhà khoa học tại Đại học Exeter và được công bố trên tờ Nature tuần này - liên quan đến tốc độ tăng trưởng của hơn 200 rạn san hô vùng nhiệt đới Tây Đại Tây Dương và Ấn Độ Dương. Chỉ có 9% trong số các rạn san hô này có khả năng theo kịp ngay cả những mức độ lạc quan nhất của mực nước biển dâng do dự báo của Ủy ban liên chính phủ về biến đổi khí hậu. “Đối với nhiều rạn san hô trên vùng Caribê và Ấn Độ Dương, nơi nghiên cứu tập trung, tốc độ tăng trưởng chậm lại do suy thoái rạn san hô”, Giáo sư Chris Perry, thuộc trường Đại học Exeter cho biết. “Trong khi đó, tỷ lệ mực nước biển dâng đang gia tăng - và kết quả của chúng tôi cho thấy rạn san hô sẽ không thể theo kip. Kết quả là, độ sâu của nước trên hầu hết các rạn san hô sẽ tăng nhanh qua thế kỷ này. Mực nước hiện đã dâng cao vài inch trong thế kỷ qua và các phép đo cho thấy tốc độ tăng này hiện đang tăng1ên đáng kể. Hai yếu tố chính có liên quan là biến đổi khí hậu đang làm cho nước hiện ấm hơn và do đó nó mở rộng. Và khi những tảng băng và sông băng tan chảy, chúng làm tăng lượng nước trong đại dương.

Đồng thời, các rạn san hô đang bị suy yếu bởi sự nóng lên của đại dương và cũng bởi sự axit hóa đại dương, được kích hoạt khi các vùng biển hấp thụ ngày càng nhiều khí CO₂. Những tác động này dẫn đến các sự kiện tẩy trắng diệt hết các dải san hô rộng lớn và hạn chế khả năng phát triển của chúng.

“Dự đoán của chúng tôi, ngay cả trong các kịch bản tốt nhất, cho thấy rằng vào năm 2100, sự ngập lụt các rạn san hô sẽ đặt các cộng động ven biển vào các mối đe dọa đáng kể về sự thay đổi bờ biến”, giáo sư Peter Mumhy thuộc Đại học Queensland cho biết. Điểm này được ủng hộ bởi nhà khoa học biển người Mỹ Ilsa Kuffner viết trong một phần bình luận riêng cho tờ Nature. “Hàm ý của nghiên cứu rất nghiêm trọng. Nhiều quốc đảo và vùng lãnh thổ được thiết lập đã nhanh chóng làm mất đi các nguồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên quan trọng."

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42. Scientists have uncovered a new threat to the world's endangered coral reefs. They have found that most are incapable of growing quickly enough to compensate for rising sea levels triggered by global warming. The study suggests that reefs - which are already suffering serious degradation because the world's seas are warming and becoming more...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

12 tháng 11 2018

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

Scientists have uncovered a new threat to the world's endangered coral reefs. They have found that most are incapable of growing quickly enough to compensate for rising sea levels triggered by global warming. The study suggests that reefs - which are already suffering serious degradation because the world's seas are warming and becoming more acidic - could also become overwhelmed by rising oceans.

The research - led by scientists at Exeter University and published in Nature this week -involved studying growth rates for more than 200 tropical western Atlantic and Indian Ocean reefs. It was found only 9% of these reefs had the ability to keep up with even the most optimistic rates of sea-level rises forecast by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. "For many reefs across the Caribbean and Indian Ocean regions, where the study focused, rates of growth are slowing due to coral reef degradation," said Professor Chris Perry, of Exeter University. “Meanwhile, rates of sea-level rise are increasing - and our results suggest reefs will be unable to keep up. As a result, water depths above most reefs will increase rapidly through this century.”

Sea levels rose by several inches over the past century and measurements indicate the speed of this increase is now rising significantly. Two key factors are involved: climate change is making ocean water warmer and so it expands. And as ice sheets and glaciers melt, they increase amounts of water in the oceans.

At the same time, reefs are being weakened by ocean warming and also by ocean acidification, triggered as the seas absorb more and more carbon dioxide. These effects lead to bleaching events that kill off vast stretches of coral and limits their ability to grow.

“Our predictions, even under the best case scenarios, suggest that by 2100, the inundation of reefs will expose coastal communities to significant threats of shoreline change,” said co-author Prof Peter Mumby of Queensland University. This point was backed by US marine scientist Ilsa Ruffner writing in a separate comment piece for Nature. “The implications of the study are dire. Many island nations and territories are set to quickly lose crucial natural resources.”

Question 42: The author implies in the last paragraph that _______.

A. even in the most optimistic prediction, coral reefs will experience their extinction.

B. the results of the study are more serious than what scientists have predicted.

C. human activities will not only affect marine life but also put themselves at risk.

D. people often exploit natural resources in island nations and territories.

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

12 tháng 11 2018

Đáp án C

Tác giả hàm ý trong đoạn cuối rằng ________.

A. Ngay cả trong dự đoán lạc quan nhất, các rạn san hô vẫn sẽ bị tuyệt chủng.

B. Kết quả của cuộc nghiên cứu thì nghiêm trọng hơn những gì các nhà khoa học đã dự đoán.

C. Các hoạt động của con người không chỉ ảnh hưởng đến thế giới dưới biển mà còn đặt chính họ vào nguy hiểm.

D. Con người thường khai thác tài nguyên thiên nhiên ở các quốc đảo và vùng lãnh thổ.

Căn cứ thông tin đoạn cuối:

“Our predictions, even under the best case scenarios, suggest that by 2100, the inundation of reefs will expose coastal communities to signiﬁcant threats of shoreline change,” said co-author Prof Peter Mumby of Queensland University. This point was backed by US marine scientist Ilsa Kuffner writing in a separate comment piece for Nature. “The implications of the study are dire. Many island nations and

territories are set to quickly lose crucial natural resources.”

(“Dự đoán của chúng tôi, ngay cả trong các kịch bản tốt nhất, cho thấy rằng vào năm 2100, sự ngập lụt các rạn san hô sẽ đặt các cộng động ven biển vào các mối đe dọa đáng kể về sự thay đổi bờ biển”, giáo sư Peter Mumby thuộc trường Đại học Queensland cho biết. Điểm này được ủng hộ bởi nhà khoa học biển người Mỹ Ilse Hefner viết trong một phần bình luận riêng cho tờ Nature.” Hàm ý của nghiên cứu rất nghiêm trọng. Nhiều quốc đảo và vùng lãnh thổ được thiết lập đã nhanh chóng làm mất đi các nguồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên quan trọng".)

Như vậy, tác giả đã hàm ý rằng, các hoạt động của con người như thành lập các quốc đảo và vùng lãnh thổ đã làm mất đi các nguồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên quan trọng và việc các rạn san hô bị ảnh hưởng của biến đổi khí hậu và nóng lên toàn cầu sẽ khiến các vùng duyên hải chịu nhiều mối đe doạ.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42. Scientists have uncovered a new threat to the world's endangered coral reefs. They have found that most are incapable of growing quickly enough to compensate for rising sea levels triggered by global warming. The study suggests that reefs - which are already suffering serious degradation because the world's seas are warming and becoming more...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

9 tháng 12 2019

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

Scientists have uncovered a new threat to the world's endangered coral reefs. They have found that most are incapable of growing quickly enough to compensate for rising sea levels triggered by global warming. The study suggests that reefs - which are already suffering serious degradation because the world's seas are warming and becoming more acidic - could also become overwhelmed by rising oceans.

The research - led by scientists at Exeter University and published in Nature this week -involved studying growth rates for more than 200 tropical western Atlantic and Indian Ocean reefs. It was found only 9% of these reefs had the ability to keep up with even the most optimistic rates of sea-level rises forecast by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. "For many reefs across the Caribbean and Indian Ocean regions, where the study focused, rates of growth are slowing due to coral reef degradation," said Professor Chris Perry, of Exeter University. “Meanwhile, rates of sea-level rise are increasing - and our results suggest reefs will be unable to keep up. As a result, water depths above most reefs will increase rapidly through this century.”

Sea levels rose by several inches over the past century and measurements indicate the speed of this increase is now rising significantly. Two key factors are involved: climate change is making ocean water warmer and so it expands. And as ice sheets and glaciers melt, they increase amounts of water in the oceans.

At the same time, reefs are being weakened by ocean warming and also by ocean acidification, triggered as the seas absorb more and more carbon dioxide. These effects lead to bleaching events that kill off vast stretches of coral and limits their ability to grow.

“Our predictions, even under the best case scenarios, suggest that by 2100, the inundation of reefs will expose coastal communities to significant threats of shoreline change,” said co-author Prof Peter Mumby of Queensland University. This point was backed by US marine scientist Ilsa Ruffner writing in a separate comment piece for Nature. “The implications of the study are dire. Many island nations and territories are set to quickly lose crucial natural resources.”

Question 37: What does the word "compensate" in the first paragraph probably mean?

A. recompense

B. keep up with

C. develop

D.benefit

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

9 tháng 12 2019

Đáp án A

Từ “compensate” trong đoạn 1 có thể có nghĩa là _______.

A. đền bù, bồi thường B. theo kịp

C. phát triển D. có lợi ích

Từ đồng nghĩa: compensate (đền bù, bu đắp) = recompense

They have found that most are incapable of growing quickly enough to compensate for rising sea levels triggered by global warming. (Họ đã phát hiện ra rằng hầu hết san hô không có khả năng phát triển đủ nhanh để bù đắp cho mực nước biển dâng cao do sự nóng lên toàn cầu.)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.Scientists have uncovered a new threat to the world's endangered coral reefs. They have found that most are incapable of growing quickly enough to compensate for rising sea levels triggered by global warming. The study suggests that reefs - which are already suffering serious degradation because the world's seas are warming and becoming more...

DM

Dương Minh

2 tháng 3 2019

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

Scientists have uncovered a new threat to the world's endangered coral reefs. They have found that most are incapable of growing quickly enough to compensate for rising sea levels triggered by global warming. The study suggests that reefs - which are already suffering serious degradation because the world's seas are warming and becoming more acidic - could also become overwhelmed by rising oceans.

The research - led by scientists at Exeter University and published in Nature this week -involved studying growth rates for more than 200 tropical western Atlantic and Indian Ocean reefs. It was found only 9% of these reefs had the ability to keep up with even the most optimistic rates of sea-level rises forecast by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. "For many reefs across the Caribbean and Indian Ocean regions, where the study focused, rates of growth are slowing due to coral reef degradation," said Professor Chris Perry, of Exeter University. “Meanwhile, rates of sea-level rise are increasing - and our results suggest reefs will be unable to keep up. As a result, water depths above most reefs will increase rapidly through this century.”

Sea levels rose by several inches over the past century and measurements indicate the speed of this increase is now rising significantly. Two key factors are involved: climate change is making ocean water warmer and so it expands. And as ice sheets and glaciers melt, they increase amounts of water in the oceans.

At the same time, reefs are being weakened by ocean warming and also by ocean acidification, triggered as the seas absorb more and more carbon dioxide. These effects lead to bleaching events that kill off vast stretches of coral and limits their ability to grow.

“Our predictions, even under the best case scenarios, suggest that by 2100, the inundation of reefs will expose coastal communities to significant threats of shoreline change,” said co-author Prof Peter Mumby of Queensland University. This point was backed by US marine scientist Ilsa Ruffner writing in a separate comment piece for Nature. “The implications of the study are dire. Many island nations and territories are set to quickly lose crucial natural resources.”

What does the word "compensate" in the first paragraph probably mean?

A. recompense

B. keep up with

C. develop

D.benefit

1

NH

Nguyen Hoang Hai

2 tháng 3 2019

Đáp án A

Từ “compensate” trong đoạn 1 có thể có nghĩa là _______.

A. đền bù, bồi thường B. theo kịp

C. phát triển D. có lợi ích

Từ đồng nghĩa: compensate (đền bù, bu đắp) = recompense

They have found that most are incapable of growing quickly enough to compensate for rising sea levels triggered by global warming. (Họ đã phát hiện ra rằng hầu hết san hô không có khả năng phát triển đủ nhanh để bù đắp cho mực nước biển dâng cao do sự nóng lên toàn cầu.)